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Just like Greece, Italy was composed of several city states. In Unit 3, you stud
Just like Greece, Italy was composed of several city states. In Unit 3, you studied about the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta and how Sparta came to dominate Athens and the other Greek city-states as well. Similarly, Rome also embarked on a journey to conquer and consolidate the cities in the Italian Peninsula as well as the neighboring kingdom of Carthage.
According to you, what were the similarities and differences between Sparta’s purpose in the Peloponnesian War and that of Rome against city states in Italy and the city of Carthage?
Your Discussion should be a minimum of 200 words in length and not more than 500 words. Please include a word count. Following the APA standard, use references and in-text citations for the textbook and any other sources.
Introduction
In the previous unit, we learned about the rise of Rome and the Roman Republic. But Rome
was not the only city in the region of Italy known as Latium. Much like the Greeks, the people of Latium also lived in independent city-states. They had a common language, worshipped the same gods and celebrated similar festivals but often came into conflict with each other. For example, the city of Etruria situated to the north of Rome and ruled by Etruscans often attacked cities in the Latium.
Hence, defense was central to Rome’s military and political policies. At the same time, expansion into the Italian peninsula would prove beneficial for trade by eliminating its rivals. A relatively new player in the Latium, Rome soon rose to a powerful position and began to conquer the lands and people in its neighborhood. Naturally, it had to fight many wars to achieve dominance in Italy. Soon, it looked beyond Italy to the whole of Mediterranean, and eventually far off lands in Asia and Africa. In this unit, we will learn about the wars and conquests at home and abroad that led to Rome’s rise as a global power.
Conquest of Italy and Carthage
Conquest of Italy and Carthage
The Roman conquest of Italy. (n.d.). UNRV Roman History.
This article gives a detailed analysis of Rome’s consolidation of Latium by describing the various conflicts and wars that it fought in the process.
After reading the article, scroll down to the table of contents and read:
Veii and the Etruscans
The Gallic Sack of Rome
The Samnite Wars
The Latin Revolt and the End of the Latin League
The Pyrrhic War
Coco, A. A. (2019). Cause, course, and consequence: The Punic wars (264 BCE to 146 BCE) (Publication no. 645) [Honors thesis, Wellesley College]. Wellesley College Digital Repository.
This paper discusses the causes and consequences of the First and Second Punic wars on Rome.
Read pp. 6 – pp. 45 and pp. 133 – pp. 144.
Video:
Ancient Rome Live. (2020, October 30). Rome’s conquest of Italy: 509-272 BCE – Ancient Rome live [Video]. YouTube.
The Macedonian Wars
The first Macedonian war. (n.d.) UNRV Roman History.
This article discusses the events and consequences of the First Macedonian War.
The second Macedonian war. (n.d.) UNRV Roman History.
This article discusses the events and consequences of the Second Macedonian War.
The third Macedonian war. (n.d.) UNRV Roman History.
This article discusses the events and consequences of the Third Macedonian War.
The fourth Macedonian war. (n.d.) UNRV Roman History.
This article discusses the events and consequences of the Fourth Macedonian War.
Conquest of Syria & Egypt
Immacolata, E. (2015). Syrian Wars. In Y. Le Bohec. (Ed.), Wiley Online Library. John Wiley & Sons.
Wasson, D. L. (2016, October 24). Roman Egypt. In World History Encyclopedia.
This article discusses the early relations of Rome and Egypt, Rome’s conquest of Egypt, Egyptian attitude towards Roman control and the end of Rome’s hold over it.
Video:
Kings and Generals. (2017, November 9). Battle of Magnesia 190 BC Roman-Seleucid Syrian war documentary [Video]. YouTube.
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